Calamagrostis to Cytisus

Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth  Wood Small-reed

 Raasay:          Recording Units: 4 

                        Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 55, 64

                        First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

 Rona:             Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                        First Record: SJB 2001

Very limited on coastal slopes at Leac, between Screapadal and Brochel, east of Arnish and opposite Fladday on Raasay, plus three coastal locations on Rona, two in the east and one in the southwest. 

Herb. K: JWHH 1936 Raasay.

Callitriche brutia Petagna  Intermediate/Pedunculate Water-starwort

Raasay:          Recording Units: 6

                       Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                       First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:             Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                       First Record: SJB 2001

Lochs, pools and slow-running burns. Loch Braig, Rona. All specimens except one that have been examined critically have been determined as subsp. hamulata (Kütz. ex W.D.J. Koch) O. Bolòs & Vigo, Intermediate Water-starwort. One record of subsp. brutia Petagna, Pedunculate Water-starwort, needs checking, but the colony appears to have been lost.

Callitriche hermaphroditica L. Autumnal Water-starwort

Raasay:          Recording Units: 0

                       Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                       First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:              Not known

Loch na Mna, JWHH. Also Home Loch (Loch a Mhuilin) CWM and KC 1977. Not seen on Raasay or Rona by the author.

[Callitriche obtusangula Le Gall   Blunt-fruited Water-starwort]

Raasay:          Recording Units: 0

                       Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                       First Record: JWHH & JKM 1951  

Rona:              Not known

Standing water near Inverarish and a stream near Hallaig (Harrison & Morton, 1951). No records for northwest Scotland were accepted for the New Atlas (Preston et al 2002).  

[Callitriche palustris L.  Narrow-fruited Water-starwort] 

Raasay:          Recording Units: 0

                       Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                       First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:              Not known

Loch na Mna (Harrison, 1937a) as C. vernalis. No records for northwest Scotland were accepted for the New Atlas (Preston et al 2002). 

 Callitriche stagnalis Scop. Common Water-starwort

Raasay:          Recording Units: 54

                       Ten kilometre squares: All

                       First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:             Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                       First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Widespread in aquatic and wet terrestrial situations such as forest rides.

Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull   Heather 

Raasay:           Recording Units: 98

                       Ten kilometre squares: All

                        First Record: Woodward 1894 as “heather”, JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:              Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                        First Record: EPS 1933.

Moorland everywhere.

Caltha palustris L.   Marsh-marigold 

Raasay:           Recording Units: 48

                        Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 55

                        First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:             Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                       First Record: EPS 1933.

Marshes, burns and lochs. C. palustris var. radicans was reported from “margin of marshy ground near the sea, Fearns, Raasay; later found to be abundant on Rona” (Harrison, 1937a).

*Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br.   Hedge Bindweed

Raasay:          Recording Units: 4

                       Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                       First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:              Not known

Near habitation, Inverarish, Clachan and Torran.

*Campanula patula L.  Spreading Bellflower

Raasay:          Recording Units: 0

                       Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                       First Record: JWHH & JKM 1951.

Rona:             Not known

 “Banks in Raasay woods near post office” (Harrison & Morton 1951). Not recorded since. The post office in 1951 was at Clachan.

*Campanula persicifolia L. Peach-leaved Bellflower

 Raasay:          Recording Units: 1

                        Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                        First Record: JRP 1979.

Rona:               Not known

Garden escape/throw-out. Just north of old chapel behind Raasay House. Persisted until 1994 but apparently now extinct.

Campanula rotundifolia L.  Harebell

Raasay:          Recording Units: 0

                       Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53, 54)

                       First Record: JWHH et al. 1937.

Rona:              Not known

“In Raasay House grounds, near the German cemetery, and on the cliffs about three miles north of Hallaig” (Harrison 1937c). Seen near the cemetery 1970 by KC. Not seen on Raasay or Rona by the author.

 Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.  Shepherd's-purse

Raasay:               Recording Units: 3

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                   Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Weed of cultivated ground. Uncommon and probably less frequent than when arable crops were grown.

Cardamine flexuosa With.    Wavy Bitter-cress

Raasay:               Recording Units: 85

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Common in damp or shady places. Also a garden weed. 

Cardamine hirsuta L.   Hairy Bitter-cress

Raasay:                Recording Units: 18

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 55

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Much less common than the preceding species. Bare places such as sheep scrapes. All recent records of this and the preceding species have been checked by stamen counts.

Cardamine pratensis L.  Cuckooflower or Lady's-smock

Raasay:               Recording Units: 77

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Marshes, burns and wet places generally.

Carduus nutans L.   Musk Thistle

Raasay:               Not known

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: (NG 65)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Very local on Rona (Harrison1937a). Not seen since.

Carex bigelowii Torr. ex Schwein.  Stiff Sedge

Raasay:                Recording Units: 0

                            Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                   Not known

Higher ground to the west of Dun Caan (Harrison, 1937a), further described as being at 800 ft near Dun Caan in Harrison (1945). Also recorded by MMcCW, 1957. Not seen since, though a montane form of C. nigra is common in the area.

Herb. HAMU: GWT 1936 Raasay. This specimen needs critical examination but at the time of writing the herbarium is in storage and specimens cannot be examined.

Carex binervis Sm.   Green-ribbed Sedge

Raasay:           Recording Units: 97

                        Ten kilometre squares: All

                        First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:              Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                        First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Common on drier moorland.

Carex canescens L.   White Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 6

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG53, 54

                            First Record: BSBI 1969.

Rona:                   Not known

Old peat cuttings and mires.

Carex caryophyllea Latourr.  Spring-sedge

Raasay:           Recording Units: 0

                        Ten kilometre squares: ?

                        First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:              Not known

"Thinly distributed on Raasay” (Harrison, 1937a). Not seen on Raasay or Rona by the author but probably overlooked.

Carex curta see C. canescens

Carex demissa Hornem. Common Yellow-sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 90

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record For aggregate: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

                            First Record For Subspecies: MMcCW 1957.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record For aggregate: EPS 1933.

                            First Record For Subspecies: SJB & CWM 1994. The Vascular Plants

                            Database contains two earlier anonymous records for NG65 but it is not clear

                            whether these are from Rona or Raasay.

Common in a variety of habitats.

 Carex dioica L.   Dioecious Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 57

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Widespread in flushes.

Herb. HAMU: GWT 1936 Raasay.

Carex distans L.   Distant Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 0

                            Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: (NG 65)

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Recorded near Balachuirn (Harrison, 1937a), further localised as near Loch Balachuirn (Loch Eadar da Bhaile?) in Harrison (1945). A plant of coastal rocks and saltmarshes on Skye that might well be expected on Raasay and Rona, though the given Raasay location is surprising. No habitat information is given for the Rona record.

Carex disticha L.   Brown Sedge 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 0

                            Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                            First Record: JWHH & JKM 1951.

Rona:                   Not known

Recorded from marshy ground close to the shore south of Oskaig Point in 1951 but not recorded since. The recorded habitat looks suitable, though this species is not known from the vice-county. This plant is easily missed when not in flower, which it tends to achieve sparingly, and VC 104 looks like a gap in the distribution shown in the New Atlas (Preston et al., 2002).

Carex echinata Murray   Star Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 96

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Common on wet moors and in bogs.

Carex extensa Gooden.   Long-bracted Sedge 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 2

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1937.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: SJB 1999.

Recorded from the Oskaig saltmarsh in 1937 (Harrison, 1937c), also MMcCW 1957, and still there in 2006. A single plant found in a saltmarsh in the Manish area in 1993 has since disappeared leaving no trace. South-eastern shore of Big Harbour and western end of Ob an Dreallaire, Rona.

Carex flacca Schreb.   Glaucous Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 63

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Common in a variety of habitats from wet grassland to dry rocks.

Herb. HAMU: AWB 1935 Raasay. LANC: KBB 1935 Raasay.

Carex hostiana DC.  Tawny Sedge

Raasay:                Recording Units: 64

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: SJB & CWM 1994.

Widespread in flushes.

Carex hostiana x demissa

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 54

                            First Record: MW, SJB et al. 2007

Rona:                  Not known.

Specimen det. MSP. Probably widespread; needs separating from C. x fulva.

Carex hostiana x lepidocarpa see C. x fulva

Carex laevigata Sm.   Smooth-stalked Sedge 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 22

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: SJB 1998.

Present in small numbers in woodland and shaded coastal cliffs.

Herb. LANC: KBB 1935 Raasay.

Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh.   Slender Sedge

Raasay:                Recording Units: 5

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 54

                            First Record: BSBI 1969.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: SJB & CWM 1994. The Vascular Plants

                            Database contains an anonymous earlier record for NG65 but it is not clear

                            whether this is from Rona or Raasay. However, this species is not known

                            from NG65 on Raasay.

Limited to swampy areas southwest of Brochel, Raasay and at the northern edge of Loch Braig, Rona.

Carex lepidocarpa Tausch   Long-stalked Yellow-sedge

Raasay:                Recording Units: 32

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 64

                            First Record For aggregate: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

                            First Record For Subspecies: MMcCW 1957.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record For aggregate: EPS 1933.

                            First Record For Subspecies: SJB & CWM 1994.

                            The Vascular Plants Database contains an earlier anonymous record for

                            NG65 but it is not clear whether this is from Rona or Raasay.

The subspecies were not differentiated clearly in the early records. Not uncommon in flushes.

Carex leporina L.   Oval Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 45

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares:  NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933 

Grassy places including tracks.

Carex limosa L.   Bog-sedge 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 14

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 64

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known

                            .

Uncommon but often in good numbers when found in swamps and at edges of lochans.

Herb. LANC: KBB 1935 Loch Eadar da Bhaile.

Carex nigra (L.) Reichard   Common Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 96

                            Ten kilometre squares:  All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares:  NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Present in different forms in many different habitats. Forming dense stands of tall plants in marsh and also present as dwarfed montane plants on fairly dry rocks.

Herb. HAMU: AWB 1935 Raasay.

Carex oederi Retz.   Small-fruited Yellow-sedge

Raasay:                Recording Units: 8

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 55, 65

                            First Record For aggregate: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

                            First Record For Subspecies: MMcCW 1957.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 66

                            First Record For aggregate: EPS 1933.

                            First Record For Subspecies: SJB 1999.

Stony areas near the sea.

Carex otrubae Podp.   False Fox-sedge 

Raasay:                Recording Units: 4

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 64

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36 as C.vulpina.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares:  NG 65

                            First Record: EPS 1933 as C.vulpina.

Currently known on coastal rocks on the east coast of Raasay near Rubha na’ Leac (the original JWHH site),  also to the east of Arnish and near Umachan. One current location is known on the west coast of Rona. The 1930s records were as C.vulpina (True Fox-sedge) when the distribution and differences between these two sedges were less clear.

Carex ovalis see C. leporina

Carex pallescens L.   Pale Sedge 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 39

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares:  NG 65

                            First Record: SJB & CWM1994.

Wet grassland, especially coastal slopes, and woods..

Carex panicea L.   Carnation Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 94

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares:  NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Common in many habitats.

Carex pauciflora Lightf.    Few-flowered Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 10

                            Ten kilometre squares:  NG 53, 54, 64, 65

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                   Not known.

Rare and almost impossible to spot when not in flower or fruit. In bogs and wet moorland, sometimes close to C. limosa.

Herb. LANC: KBB 1935 Loch à Chadhacharnaich.

Carex pilulifera L.   Pill Sedge

Raasay:           Recording Units: 39

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

     Rona:             Ten kilometre squares:  NG 65, 66

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Widespread on rocks and in rough grassland.

Carex pulicaris L.   Flea Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 86

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares:  NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Widespread in grassland, flushes and on rocks.

Herb. HAMU: GWT 1936 Raasay. LANC: KBB 1935 Raasay.

Carex remota L.   Remote Sedge

Raasay:                Recording Units: 16

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG53, 54

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares:  NG 65

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

In woodland. Possibly introduced around Raasay House but evidently native elsewhere.

Carex rostrata Stokes   Bottle Sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 51

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG53, 54, 55, 64

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares:  NG 65

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Common in burns, lochs and marshes.

Carex sylvatica Huds.  Wood-sedge

Raasay:                Recording Units: 9

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                   Not known.

Woodland and scrub, mostly along the east coast.

[Carex vesicaria L.   Bladder-sedge]

Raasay:                Recording Units: 0

                            Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                   Not known.

Rare near Inverarish (Harrison, 1937a) but not seen since. Doubtful.

[Carex vulpina L.  True Fox-sedge]   (Vulnerable)

See C. otrubae, above.

Carex x fulva Gooden. Carex hostiana x lepidocarpa  "Empty Sedge"

Raasay:                Recording Units: 24

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 64, 65

                            First Record: SJB 2002.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: SJB 2007.

A common hybrid that is almost certainly still under-recorded.

[Carlina vulgaris L. Carline Thistle]

Raasay:               Recording Units: 0

                            Ten kilometre squares: -

                            First Record: Publication AAPS 1970.

Rona:                   Not known

No Raasay record is known to me or my predecessor as vice-county recorder who held the post for 40 years.  There is no record for Raasay in the Vascular Plants Database. However, Alf Slack wrote in Slesser (1970) that it grows on Skye, Rum, Raasay, Eigg and Skye but not on the mainland. I have seen it on all the other islands mentioned.

*Carpinus betulus L.   Hornbeam

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: FR 1987.

Rona:                   Not known

Planted around Raasay House.  All bar one felled 2008.

*Cassinia fulvida Hook. f.   Golden-bush 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: JRP 1979.

Rona:             Not known

Planted on The Avenue, Mill Park. Still there 2006 but appears to have gone 2009.

*Castanea sativa Mill.   Sweet Chestnut

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record:  MMcCW 1957.

Rona:                   Not known

A single tree planted behind the steadings, Clachan. Still there 2009.

Centaurea nigra L.   Common Knapweed

Raasay:               Recording Units: 44

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Mostly near the coast in rough grassland.

* Centaurea montana L.   Perennial Cornflower

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG53

                            First Record: SJB 2012.

Rona:                  Not known.

Garden throw-out, Inverarish.

Centaurium erythraea Rafn   Common Centaury

Raasay:               Not known

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: (NG 65)

                            First Record: JWHH 1937.

In a hollow just north of the deserted village of Dry Harbour, and on Big Harbour (Harrison, 1937a). Not recorded since.

Centunculus minimus L.  Chaffweed      Near-threatened

Raasay:            Recording Units: 6

                        Ten kilometre squares: NG  53, 54, 64

                        First Record: SJB 1993

Rona:              Ten kilometre squares: NG  65

                       First Record: SJB & CWM 1994

Coastal rocks and muddy tracks. Near Eyre and Rubha na Cloiche in the south of Raasay, both coasts near Arnish in the north and Dry Harbour, Rona.

Cerastium diffusum Pers.   Sea Mouse-ear

Raasay:               Recording Units: 7

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 54, 55, 65

                            First Record: SJB 1995.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: SJB 2002.

Coastal rocks in the north and west: Manish, Fladday and Eilean Tigh, and the west coast of Rona.

Cerastium fontanum Baumg.   Common Mouse-ear

Raasay:               Recording Units: 95

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Very common in grassland, rocks and as a garden weed. All specimens examined critically fall within subsp. vulgare, including large-flowered forms on the hills.

C. vulgatum L. var. alpinum Mert. & Koch from a moist spot on the west side of Dun Caan (Harrison, 1937c) probably refers to this large-flowered form.

Cerastium glomeratum Thuill.    Sticky Mouse-ear 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 19

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 55, 65

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                            First Record: SJB 1996.

Weed of cultivated ground and roadsides but also on coastal cliffs e.g. on Fladday.

Ceratocapnos claviculata (L.) Lidn   Climbing Corydalis

Raasay:               Recording Units: 8

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 64

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

Amongst boulders, frequently near the shore.

[Ceratophyllum demersum L.  Rigid Hornwort]

Raasay:               Not known.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: (NG 65)

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Outlet of Loch Braig (Smith, 1934). Not known in NW Scotland.

Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub    Rosebay Willowherb

Raasay:               Recording Units: 15

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 55

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                            First Record: SJB 2005.

Rock ledges and occasionally in cleared forest. Open coastal slope on Garbh Eilean, Rona.

Chara aspera Dethard. ex Willd.  Rough Stonewort

Raasay:               Recording Units: 0

                            Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53, 54)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

Oskaig, Hallaig, Loch Eadar da Bhaile (Harrison 1937a). Not recorded since.

[Chara globularis Thuill.   Fragile Stonewort]

Raasay:               Recording Units: 0

                            Ten kilometre squares: ?

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

Reported from pools in the north of Raasay (Harrison, 1937a) but not recorded since and described as doubtful and probably C. virgata by NFS.

Chara virgata Ktz.   Delicate Stonewort

Raasay:               Recording Units: 25

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 55, 64

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                            First Record: EPS 1933 has fruiting Chara in outlet stream from Loch Braig, which is

                            likely to have been this species.  SJB & CWM 1994.

Widespread in burns and lochs. Some specimens are assignable to var. annulata.

Chara vulgaris L.   Common Stonewort

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 54

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

Reported from Loch Eadar da Bhaile (Harrison, 1937a). In tufa on eastern hills of Raasay BSBI 2005 det. NFS.

Chenopodium album L.   Fat-hen

Raasay:               Recording Units: 6

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: (NG 65?)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36. (?)

Rare in gardens and cultivated ground. Reported as common in most waste places, even on shingle (Harrison, 1937a) but there seems likely to have been some confusion with vegetative specimens of Atriplex spp. as C. album has not been seen on shingle by the author.

*Chenopodium polyspermum L.  Many-seeded Goosefoot

Raasay:               Recording Units: 2

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: SJB 1992.

Rona:                  Not known     

A single plant occurred as weed in a garden at Oskaig in 1992 and in greater numbers as a garden weed in West Suisnish in 2006. Likely to have been introduced with commercial compost.

Chrysanthemum segetum see Glebionis segetum 

Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L.  Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage

Raasay:               Recording Units: 59

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                            First Record:  EPS 1933 as Chrysosplenium – no species given.

Widespread in wet places including rocks and springs.

*Cicendia filiformis (L.) Delarbre   Yellow Centaury

Raasay:               Recording Units: 0

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1937.

Rona:                  Not known.

A single plant reported in a hollow along a tributary of the Arish Burn (Harrison 1937c) growing with Exaculum pusillum and Juncus capitatus. Introduced and never seen again.

[Circaea alpina L.   Alpine Enchanter's-nightshade] 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 0

                            Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53, 54)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: (NG 65)

                            First Record:  JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Error for C. x intermedia. Amongst shaded rocks near Hallaig, Brae and along Loch Eadar da Bhaile , Raasay; also west of Loch Braig, Rona (Harrison, 1937a).

Circaea lutetiana L.   Enchanter's-nightshade 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53 (54)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

Raasay House grounds. Also recorded from Brochel (Harrison, 1937a).

Circaea x intermedia L.  Upland Enchanter's-nightshade

Raasay:               Recording Units: 22

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 64, 65

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36 as C. alpina. Otherwise MMcCW 1957.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: (NG 65)

                            First Record:  JWHH et al. 1934-36. as C. alpina.

Often under bracken. Particularly frequent along the east coast of Raasay.

Herb. LANC: KBB 1935 Raasay.

Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.   Creeping Thistle

Raasay:               Recording Units: 22

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54,55

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 66

                            First Record:  EPS 1933.

Grassland. More common in the south.

Cirsium heterophyllum (L.) Hill   Melancholy Thistle

Raasay:               Recording Units:5

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG (53), 54,55

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

On basic soil and so commonest on the east coast. One old site along the Arish Burn (Harrison, 1937a) not re-found.

Cirsium palustre (L.) Scop.   Marsh Thistle

Raasay:               Recording Units:93

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65,  66

                            First Record:  JWHH et al. 1934-36.

The commonest thistle, present in wet situations everywhere.

Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.   Spear Thistle

Raasay:               Recording Units: 82

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record:  JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Widespread but usually in small numbers. Absent from some of the higher moors.

Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl    Great Fen-sedge

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 54

                            First Record: BSBI 1969.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record:  JWHH et al. 1934-36.

A good patch near the Brochel road which flowers every year. Also in Loch Braig, Rona.

*Claytonia sibirica L.   Pink Purslane

Raasay:               Recording Units:0

                            Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

Completely naturalised, and abundant in the woods around Raasay House. (Harrison, 1937a). Not recorded since. Perhaps lost during afforestation. Quite frequent on Skye.

[Cochlearia anglica L.   English Scurvygrass] 

Raasay:               Recording Units:0

                            Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1937.

Rona:                  Not known.

On the shore near Oskaig (Harrison, 1937c).  Not recorded since. No records for northern Scotland were accepted for the New Atlas (Preston et al. 2002).

Cochlearia danica L.   Danish Scurvygrass 

Raasay:               Recording Units:0

                            Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: (NG 65)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

West coast of Raasay, also on Rona (Harrison, 1937a). Not recorded since. There are dwarfed plants, sometimes with mauve flowers in several places that need further study.

Cochlearia officinalis sens. lat. L.   Common Scurvygrass 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 33

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Common on the west coast of Raasay, less so on the east.

Cochlearia officinalis subsp. scotica (Druce) P.S. Wyse Jacks. Scottish Scurvygrass   Nationally Scarce

Raasay:               Recording Units: 0

                            Ten kilometre squares: (NG 53)

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

Found amongst shingle; southern and western Raasay (Harrison, 1937a). Also 1960s records from visitors. A critical taxon currently undergoing molecular studies. Some C. scotica, as it is also known, “grows into” C. officinalis in cultivation (T. C. G. Rich, personal communication).

Coeloglossum viride  (L.) Hartm.  Frog Orchid       Vulnerable

Raasay:           Recording Units: 5

                        Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                        First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:               Not known.

Cliff ledges in the east and one site near Brae on an old lazy bed, though not seen there since 1988. Not seen recently in a number of grassland sites – Oskaig, Screapadal and Fladday – dating from the 1930s, some of which were still extant in the 1960s. Changes in grazing may be responsible.

Comarum palustre L.   Marsh Cinquefoil

Raasay:           Recording Units: 10

                        Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                        First Record:  JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:               Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                         First Record:  JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Occasional in marshes and edges of lochs.  KC record for Oskaig re-found 2007 behind wall at north end of saltmarsh.

 

Conopodium majus (Gouan) Loretu   Pignut 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 35

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 55, 65

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: SJB 1998.

Grassy places and open woodland.

*Cortaderia richardii  (Endl.) Zotov    Early Pampas-grass

Raasay:               Recording Units: 2

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: SJB 2000.

Rona:                  Not known.

Garden escape Oskaig and Temptation Hill. A potentially problematical invader.

Corylus avellana L.   Hazel 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 55

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: Harvie-Brown 1903: nutbushes at Brochel, Peach et al 1907: hazel near Torran.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Locally plentiful near coasts. Also planted as part of tree-planting schemes.

*Cotoneaster frigidus Wall. Ex Lindl.   Tree Cotoneaster

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: SJB 1992 det. JRP.

Rona:                  Not known.

Planted on The Avenue, Mill Park.

*Cotoneaster integrifolius (Roxb.) G. Klotzu   Entire-leaved Cotoneaster

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: SJB 1993 conf. JRP.

Rona:                  Not known.

Growing atop the wall of Raasay House walled garden.

*Cotoneaster simonsii Baker   Himalayan Cotoneaster

Raasay:               Recording Units: 3

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-48.

Rona:                  Not known.

Below the cliffs west of the pier (old harbour?) (Harrison, 1948a). Grown in Raasay gardens and bird-sown in several places.

Crataegus monogyna Jacq.   Hawthorn 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 11

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: (NG 65)

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Planted near Inverarish, Clachan, Fearns and Arnish. Probably native near Hallaig, north of Holoman and near Screapadal. Very small numbers where presumed native.

Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr.   Smooth Hawk's-beard 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 10

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Grassland, notably at Brochel, and roadsides and waste places.

Crepis paludosa (L.) Moench   Marsh Hawk's-beard

Raasay:               Recording Units: 15

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 65

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Beside burns, wet woodland and wet sheltered rocks.

*Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora (Lemoine) N.E. Br.   Montbretia

Raasay:               Recording Units: 6

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54, 55

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

Garden escape near Inverarish, Clachan, Oskaig, Holoman and Balmeanach.  Also on Fladday.

*Crocosmia "Lucifer" (C. paniculata x masoniorum)

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: SJB 2010.

Rona:                  Not known.

Garden throw-out near Inverarish. Det. DF.

*Crocus vernus (L.) Hill    Spring Crocus 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: SJB 2007 det: MW.

Rona:                  Not known.

Two varieties planted by Arish Burn, Inverarish.

Cryptogramma crispa (L.) R. Br. ex Hook.   Parsley Fern

Raasay:               Recording Units: 3

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

Boulder scree to the east of Dun Caan plus a small colony in rocks a little further north.

*Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw. ex Gordon   Monterey Cypress

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: SJB 2012 det. CSC

Rona:                  Not known.

One mature planted tree in Raasay House grounds.

*X Cuprocyparis leylandii (A.B. Jack. & Dallim.) Dallim.   Leyland Cypress

Raasay:               Recording Units: 1

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: SJB 1998 det. CSC

Rona:                  Not known.

Three mature planted trees near the sawmill, Mill Park.

*Cymbalaria muralis P. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb.   Ivy-leaved Toadflax

Raasay:               Recording Units: 2

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Not known.

Abundant on walls near post office (Harrison, 1937a). At that time the post office was at Clachan where this species remains abundant on walls today. Also in Inverarish.

Cynosurus cristatus L.   Crested Dog's-tail 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 61

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65, 66

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Common in grassland.

Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh.   Brittle Bladder-fern 

Raasay:               Recording Units: 58

                            Ten kilometre squares: All

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: (NG 65)

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Rocks and walls. Commonest on, but not confined to, basic rocks.

Herb. BM: undated WAC/JWHH Raasay.

Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link   Broom

Raasay:               Recording Units: 4

                            Ten kilometre squares: NG 53, 54

                            First Record: JWHH et al. 1934-36.

Rona:                  Ten kilometre squares: NG 65

                            First Record: EPS 1933.

Rare. One plant at Eyre, now gone. Inverarish, one plant beside the Fearns to Leac path, one plant by the road at Holoman and a few plants near Balachuirn.  One plant beside the path between Big Harbour and Dry Harbour, Rona.